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Wallaba
Wallaba (Eperua grandiflora)

Family: Leguminosae

Common names: Apa, Apazeiro, Baboen, Berioede walaba, Bijlhout, Bioudou, Caraota, Copaiba rana, Eperua falcata, Espadeira, Itoeli walaba, Ituri wallaba, Jebaro, Kharemeroe walaba, Khoeleroe walaba, Mahomillo negro, Oever walaba, Palo machete, Parewe, Rosa de montana, Sjoro walaba, Uapa, Uapa tabaco, Voapa tabaca, Vouapa, Walaba, Wallaba, Wapa, Wapa blanc, Wapa courbaril, Wapa montagne, Yaguana, Yoboko

Distributed in: Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela (Central America, Latin America)

Distribution overview: Generally found in the Guianas and into Venezuela and the Amazon region of northern Brazil.

Common uses: Boat building (general), Bridge construction, Building construction, Building materials, Cabin construction, Charcoal, Construction, Crossties, Decks, Factory construction, Factory flooring, Flooring, Flooring: industrial heavy traffic, Fuelwood, Furniture, Heavy construction, Joinery (external): ground contact, Joinery, Light construction, Mine timbers, Particleboard, Poles, Posts, Pulp/Paper products, Railroad ties, Shingles, Sub-flooring, Utility poles, Vats, Wharf construction

Environment profile: Status has not been officially assessed

Tree size: Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm

Colors: the heart isReddish brown, Yellowand the sapwoodWhite to yellow, Yellow.The grain isStraight, the textureUniformand the lusterMedium

Natural durability: Susceptible to marine borer attack, Very durable

Odor: No characteristic taste

Kiln Schedules: Dry at a slow speed

Kiln Drying Rate: Naturally dries quickly

Drying Defects: Splitting, Warping can be expected

Ease of Drying: Rapidly

Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is straight

Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as satisfactory

Blunting Effect: Moderate effect

Boring: Moderately easy

Carving: Fair to Good Results

Cutting Resistance: Easy to saw

Gluing: Good properties

Mortising: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Moulding: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Movement in Service: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Nailing: Pre-boring recommended, Very Good to Excellent

Planing: Planes well, to a good finish

Resistance to Impregnation: Very difficult to treat

Resistance to Splitting: Poor

Response to hand tools: Responds Readily

Routing recessing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Sanding: Very Good to Excellent Results

Screwing: Screwing yields good results, Very Good to Excellent Results; Turning: Very Good to Excellent Results

Painting: Satisfactory; Polishing: Very Good to Excellent; Staining: Very Good to Excellent; Varnishing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity 0,7
Density 913 kg/m3
Bending Strength 1065 1499 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 530 735 kg/cm2
Hardness 906 kg
Impact Strength cm
Shearing Strength kg/cm2
Stiffness 152 175 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage 7 %
Radial Shrinkage 3 %
Weight 897 721 kg/m3
Maximum Load cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 15160 21331 psi
Density 57 lbs/ft3
Hardness 1999 lbs
Maximum Crushing Strength 7542 10454 psi
Stiffness 2167 2494 1000 psi
Specific Gravity 0.7
Weight 56 45 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 3 %
Tangential Shrinkage 7 %
Volumetric Shrinkage 10 %

Density (dry weight) = 53-60 lbs/cu. ft 1
Density (dry weight) = 61-67 lbs/cu.ft
Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large
Shrinkage, Radial = small
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = high
Max. crushing strength = high
Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft.
Bending strength (MOR) = very high
Bending strength (MOR) = high
Shrinkage, Tangential = small
Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate
Shrinkage, Tangential = large
Shrinkage, Radial = very small
Shrinkage, Radial = large
Bending strength (MOR) = medium

Bois et Forets des Tropiques,1984,Wapa- Eperua falcata, E. grandiflora, E. rubignosa,Bois et Forets des Tropiques Vol.204 p.69-72Boone, R.S., C.J. Kozlik, P.J. Bois, E.M. Wengert. 1988. Dry Kiln Schedules for Commercial Hardwoods - Temperate and Tropical. USDA, Forest Service, General Technical Report FPL-GTR-57, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin.Brown, W.H.,1978,Timbers of the World, No. 2 South America,TRADA, Red Booklet SeriesChichignoud, M., G. Deon, P. Detienne, B. Parant and P. Vantomme.1990.Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America.International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO, Centre Technique Forestier Tropical, Division of CIRAD, 45 bis Avenue de la Belle Gabrielle, Nogent-sur-Marne, CEDEX, France.Chudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.Detienne, P. and Thiel, J.,1988,Monographie des wapas de Guyane Francaise,Bois et Forets des Tropiques Vol. 216 pp.43-75Erfurth, T., Rusche, H.,1976,The Marketing of Tropical Wood B. Wood Species from S. American Tropical,Moist Forests,F.A.O. Forestry DepartmentFanshawe, D.B.,1948,Studies of the Trees of British Guiana Part 3,Tropical Woods,12(93,pp1-28Fanshawe, D.B.,1954,Forest Products of British Guiana Part 1 Principal Timbers,Forest Department British Guiana Forestry Bulletin (New Series 2nd,Edition,No.1Forests Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1956,A Handbook of Hardwoods,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Department of,Science and Industrial Research, Building Research EstablishmentLongwood, F.R.,1962,Commercial Timbers of the Caribbean,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Handbook,No.207
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